Typewriting machine



Uct. 9 1923. 1,469,778

v v M. c. cRAwLEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Sent. 13. 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR'- h 6. BY 9 A TTORNE YS oct.v 9 1923. 1,469,778

, M. C. CRAWLEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE 4Filed Sept. 1'3 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 PD l E I INVENTOR A TTORNEYS Oct. 9 1923.

1,469,778 M. C. CRAWLEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Sept. 13. 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 A TTORNE YS M. C. CRAWLEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE Oct. 9 1923.

Filed Sent. 13. 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 ATTORNEYS Patented oa. 9, 192s.

.UNITED STATES PATENT orrlcia.,

MANsEIELD o. cEAwLEY, or eEoroN, NEW Yoan, AssIGNoE ro AnnoonAiII oom- PANY, 0E Los ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, A conroEA'rIoN or CALIFORNIA.

rYrEwnrrING MACHINE.

Application tiledv September 13,' 1922. Serial No. 688,048;

To all/whom z'tmag cof/wem:

. Be it known that I, MANsFIELD C, CRAW- LEY, a citizen of the. United States of America, and a resident of Groton, in the county .of Tompkins and State of New York, have invented certain new" and u eful Improvements in Typewriting vachines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has special .reference to the mechanism for letter feeding the carriage, and the mechanism I have chosen for illustrating my invention is especially adapted for that type of motor-operated machine covered by my Patent No. 1,156,061, dated October 12` 1915,.in which a univervsal type-bar actuator is impelled on its working stroke by means of a spring and is retracted by a continuously-running motor, means being provided for latching the actuator at the end of its -back stroke and for controlling the release of this latch through the medium of the printing and space keys, as more fully hereinafter set forth.

In the drawing- V Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a typewriter machine embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a detail vertical sectional view showing the retarder for the space-key feed; n

Fig. 3 is a detail perspective View showing the general arrangement of the feed mechanism and the control key levers;

Fig. 4 is a detail view of part of the backspacer mechanism;

Fig. 5 is a plan View' of the machine shown in Fig. 1;

Figs. 6 to 12 are plan Views showing different positions of the feed device.

In the drawing, 15 designates an electric motor mounted on the rear wall. of the machine and belted to a countershaft 16 journaled on the rear wall of the machine. The carriage 17 of the machine is adapted to have imparted to it a running movement in either direction through the medium of gearing driven from the shaft 16. In this application, I have shown two of these gears, numbered 18 and ,19, this mechanism b ing fully disclosed in my co-pending application Serial No. 588,045. tiled September 13. 1922. The gear 19 is affixed to a vertical shaft 20 jornaled in a bracket 21 atlixed to the rear wall of the fframe of the machine, and at its upper end it is provided -with a pinion 22 -meshing with a rack 23 'nailixed to the carriage.v The letter-feeding takes placethrough the same 'pinion 22 that lthe toothed ends of these pawls being normally swung into engagement with the notches in the feed-wheel by means of retractile springs 29 connecting their rearwardly-extending arms to the outer ends of the respective arms 25 and 26. The two arms 25 and 26 are connected by a pair of forwardly-converging links 30 to a lever 31 mounted on the type-bar actuator. The connection of these links 30 to the arms 25 is through the medium of the pivots 32 of the dogs, and connection of these arms to the lever 31 is through the medium of a single pivot 33; One end of the lever'31 is connected by a pivot 34 to a rearwardlyextending lug 35 carried by the type-bar actuator, and the free end of this lever 31 lis normally forced rearwardly by means of an .expansible coil-spring 36 interposed between a lug 37 carried by the type-bar actuator and the rearwardly-bent end of said lever 31, an upstanding lug 38 being provided on the type-bar actuator for limiting the rearward movement of the lever 31. A contractile spring 39 connects the lever 31 to the outer end of the arm 25 and serves to normally pull said arm forwardly to hold the pivot 32 at the forward end of a slot 40 formed in the link 30 for the purpose of providing a slight lost-motion between the link 30 and the pivot 32, for the purpose hereinafter set forth.

The type-bar actuator is constructed substantiall as disclosed in my co-pending application Serial No. 577,362, filed July 25, 1922. It consists generally of a curved type-bar actuator-bar 41 pivotally mounted on and forming part of a frame adapted to swing` fore-and-aft, this frame consisting in part of depending arms 42, a coil-spring 45t-being provided for throwing the actu-l f release link 45, this release' link being pivotally connected at its forward end to the curved release-bar 46 varranged concentrically with the type-bar actuatorfbar 41. The operation of one of the printing-keys or the spacekey forces the release-bar 46 rearwardly and thus pushes the latch 44 to release position, thereby permittlng the spring v43 to throw the type-bar actuator forwardly on its working stroke. At the end of its working stroke, the pull-back mechanism is brought into action to thus retract the type-bar actuator to cause it to be re-latched in its back position.

Pivotally mounted on the pinion shaft 20, just above the feed-wheel 24 and below the dog-carrying arms 25-26,is a plate 47 whose rearwardly-extending end is pivotally connected by means of a link 48, extending to the right side of the machine, to a rocking plate 49 pivotally mounted on the frame of the machine and restricted in its rocking movement by a pin-and-slot device 50. This rocking plate is connected also to another link 51 which is connected to the link 48 by a contractile spring 52 and at its ,lower end is'pivotally connected to the rear end of la back-space key-lever 53 pivotally supported on a transverse rod 54 mounted on the frame of the machine and having a back-space-key 55 at its forward end. The plate 47 is provided, at a point forward of the pinion shaft 20, with a pair of forwardly-extending cam-lugs 56 which ex'-A tend forwardly slightly beyond the edge of the feed-wheel 24, these lugs being so spaced as to cooperate respectively with the two dogs 27-28.

The parts are shown in their normal, at rest, position for feeding leftward, in Fig. 5. In this position, the right-hand dog or pawl 27 rests in one of the notches of the feed-wheel and the other dog 28 rests onl top of its companion cam-lug 56. `Upon the forward stroke of the actuator, the dog 27 pushes the feed-wheel around until the dog rides up the adjacent beveled edge of its companion cam-lug 56 and is thus disconnected from the feed-wheel; this action feeds the carriage a half step, and while this half step feeding action is taking place, the other dog 28 rides off its companion cam-lug 56 and drops into the next succeeding notch of the feed-wheel, the parts being then in the position shown in Fig. 6. The

meente rearward stroke of the type-bar actuator completes the feed action by making an additional half-step feed, as follows: The rearward movement of the do 28 pulls the feed-wheel the remaining h action being shown i`n Fig. 7. As th1s rearward movement is completed, the dog 28 rides up on its companion cam-lug 56 and thus releases the feed-wheehwhile the other dog 27 makes an idle stroke backwardly and then drops into'the next succeeding notch, ready for another operation.

ln view of the fact that both the forward and the rearward strokes ofthe actuator are accomplished very quickly by power mechanism, it is' desirable to thus divide up the. feed action into two half steps, thereby greatly reducing shock, noise and strain on the parts. The printing action takes place approximately at the point of reversal of the actuator, that is, at the point where one dog quits working and the other dog takes up the work of pulling the feed-wheel the remainder of the distance needed for one step. At this point, there is a rest of the movement of the platen, altho in actual practice, in view of the great rapidity of movement of the actuator, this stopping of the platen is hardly more than a theoretical matter. rllhe impression will therefore be entirely without blurring, and this would be the case even tho the type struck the paper either slightly before or slightly after the moment of reversal, since the actuator is moving very sli htly near the point of reversal because at tat time the crank operating the pull-back link 43 is passing over center.

It is desirable also, in order to still further eliminate noise, jar and strain on the parts, to cushion both the first half of the step and the last half of the step. rllhis is accomplished by springs 36 and 39. The spring 36 cushions the rearward stroke by slightly compressing during the initial part of `said stroke, while the spring 39 cushions the forward stroke, by being slightly distended during the initial part of the forward stroke, the lost-motion provided by the slot 40 in link 3() permitting a slight independent forward movement of the link 30 connected to dog-carrying arm 25 as said arm and pawl 27 take up the work of advancing the carriage. lt will be understood that in normal position, the spring 39 will hold the pivot 32 at the forward end of the slot 40, as shown in Figs. 5 and 7, and that after overcoming the inertia of the carriage during the first part of the forward stroke the spring 39 will again contract sufficiently to take up theI lost motion in slot 40. That is to say, the spring 39 is strong enough to pull arm 25 forwardly on its working stroke while the link 30 serves lto return said arm,

f step, this` I have shown in 'dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 3 one of the printing-key-levers and its associated type-bar. The type-bar 1s mdicated at 57, its associated push-'coupler at 58,A the selector rod for lifting the pushcoupler into action at 59 and the key-lever at 60. It will be understood that when the push-coupler58 is raised, its rear cam-edge cams back the release-bar 46 and thus releases the type-bar actuator, the ushcoupler having been raised high enoug to 11e 1n the path of the type-bar actuator-bar 41 so as to be actuated thereby on the forward stroke of the type-bar actuator. The release-bar is .actuated in the same manner from the s ace-key by means of a cam-hook 61 adapte to be raised and lowered by means of a rod 62 pivotally connected at its lower end to the rear end 'of one of the space-key-levers 63, these levers being connected together at their forward ends by means of a space-bar 64 and also by means of a rod 65 and being pivotally supported on the rod 54 heretofore referred to in connection Iwith the back-spacing key-lever 53. By ressing down the space-bar 64, the cam-liook 61 is raised far enough to release the actuator by pressing back the releasebar 4 6, and the upper end of the hook is brought into alinement with the type-bar actuator 41 so as to be pulled forward thereby on the forward stroke.

The cam-hook 61 is pivotally mounted on a ivot 66 carried by a piston 67 working Eackwardly and forwardly in a dash-pot 68, a bleed opening 69 being provided in the bottom of the dash-pot and the dash-pot being rigidly attached to a stationary mem,- ber 79 of the frame of the machine. A retractile spring 80, connecting the cam-hook 61 with the frame-bar 79, tends to normally hold the cam-hook down out of operative position and also to hold the piston 67 toward the bottom of the dash-pot. For convenience of manufacture, both the piston and the dash-pot are desirably formed by cupplng pieces of sheet metal, and for maintaining` the cam-hook in its vertical edgewise position, I pivot the rear end of the hook in a slot in the wall of the piston, the

wall of the `pot being also similarly slotted at 81. When the type-bar actuator-bar 41 carries the cam-hook 61 forwardly. this movement will be retarded by the dash-pot, thus lightly loading the type-bar actuator on this stroke to make it correspond as nearly as possible in character,` with the working stroke of the type-bar actuator when it actuates a type-bar. That is to say, the actuating spring 43 of the type-bar actuator is tensioned to impart to the actuator the proper speed and force for properly actuating the type-bar, and, in View of the fact thatl when the actuator is put into action through the medium of the space-bar its o eration is entirely an idle one except Afor eed'ing the carriage, it is desirable to intexpose a suflicient resistance to make the spee of-operation accord with the regular type-bar operation. I accomplish th1s by means of the dash-pot arrangement described, and it will Ybe understood that a dash-pot retarder is advantageous over a" sprin alone in that with a dash-pot the retar ation is uniform, whereas with a springl the resistance starts light and ining the' back-space-key 55 and holding it down. When this -is done, the cam-carrying V plate 47 swings in the direction shown by the' arrow in Fig. 8, until the cams are shifted far enough to have the dog 27 rest on top of its companion cam-lug and the dog 28 resting in the notch to the rear of its companion cam-lug. When the parts are shifted and held in this position by the depression of the back-spaceskey, the acti'ons of the dogs are reversed when the type-bar actuator is operated. In Fig. 9, the position of the dogs is shown when the actuator is about midway on its forward stroke, and in Fig. 10 the devices are shown at the position they assume at the end of the forward stroke. In Fig. 11 they are shown in the position they occupy when about midway of the return stroke. In Fig. 12, the backspace-key has been released by the operator and the parts are in the act of returning to position for normal letter-spacing.

As itis always desirable to actuate the spacing-key whenever the back-space-keylever is actuated, I rovide simple mea-ns whereby when the back-space-key is depressed the space-lever will also be depressed. I do this by providing a lug 82 on one of .the space-bar-levers 63 and extend this lug laterally to a point ,under the back-spacelever, as shown in Figs. 3 and 5. n

The construction described not only, as stated, cushions the initial movement of the feed on both strokes of the actuator. but also serves to positively lock the carriage against momentum movement at-the end of each half-step feed, this resulting, as is obvious, from the fact that at the moment one of the cam-lugs 56 disengages the Working dog from the feed-wheel to thus free the feeding mechanism so far as that dog is gon- -cerned, the other dog has dropped int-o a notch in the feed-wheel and thus become i11- terlocked therewith, positively preventing any further movement of the feed-wheel until the type-carrier actuator begins its movement in the reverse direction. In this way, unison of movement between the type-carrier actuator and the carriage is positively maintained, and also a positive locking of the carriage is maintained at all times.

What I claim is:

1. In a typewriting machine, a powerdriven type-carrier actuator, a carriagefeeding mechanism operable to feed the carriage in either direction, and means positively connecting said mechanism to the actuator whereby the operation of the actuator will positively actuate theV fee-ling mechanism.

2. In a typewriting machine, a powerdriven reciprocatory type-carrier actuator, a carriage-feeding mechanism operable to feed the carriage in either direction, and means positively connecting said mechanism to tie type-carrier actuator whereby the latter feeding mechanism will be positively operated by the reciprocation of the actuator.

3. In a typewriting machine, a powerdriven reciprocatory type-carrier actuator,

and a carriage-feeding mechanism actuated therefrom embodying means whereby the carriage will be positively fed a half step 0n the working stroke of the actuator` and the remaining half step on the return stroke of the actuator, whereby the power for drivirfg the type-carrer-actuator is utilized to feed the carriage positively by half steps.

4. In a typewriting machine, a reciprocatory type-carrier actuator, a motor for driving the actuator on its working stroke and another motor for driving it on its return stroke, and a carriage-feeding mechanism positively connected to the actuator embodying means whereby the carriage will be positively fed a half step on the working stroke of the actuator and the remaining half step on the return stroke of the act-uator, said mechanism including a notched feed-wheel and a pair of reversed dogs` whereby the power of one motor is utilized to feed the carriage a half step and the power of the other motor is utilized to feed the carriage another half step.

5. In a typewriting machine, a powerdriven reciprocatory 'type-carrier actuator, and a carriage-feeding mechanism embodying means whereby the carriage will be fed a half step on the working stroke of the actuator and the remaining half return stroke of the actuator, said mechanism including a notched feed-wheel, a pair of oppositely-extending swinging arms, and a pair of reversed dogs.

6. In a typewriting machine, a powerdriven reciprocatory type-carrier actuator, and a carriage-feeding mechanism embodying means whereby. the carriage will be fed a half step the working strokeof the acand a cam device step on then 'and also carrying a notched meagre tuator and the remaining half step on the return stroke of the actuator, said mechanism including a notched feed-Wheel, a pair of reversed dogs normally tending to engage the notches of the feed-wheel, one or the other of said dogs always having positive interlocking engagement with the feed-wheel, and means connected to the actuator for simultaneously reciprocating the dogs inthe same direction. l

7. In a typewriting machine, a powerdriven reciprocatory type-carrier actuator,

and a carriage-feeding mechanism embodyingl means whereby the carriage will be fed a alf step on the working stroke of the actuator and the remaining half step on the return stroke of the actuator, said mechanism including a pair of reversed dogs and means forreciprocating them from the actuator, and devices for disengaging one dog on the forward stroke and disengaging the other dog on the rearward stroke of the actuator. V

8. In a typewriting machine, a power- `driven reciprocatory type-carrier actuator, and a carriage-feeding mechanism embodying means whereby the carriage will be fed a half step on the working stroke of the actuator and the remaining half step on the return stroke of the actu-ator, said mechanism including a notched feed-wheelfa pair of reversed dogs normally tending to engage the notches of the feed-wheel, means for simultaneously reciprocating both dogs 4from the actuator, and a pair of. cams for alternately disengaging the dogs from the feed-wheel.

9. In a typewriting machine, a powerdriven reciprocatory type-carrier actuator, and a carriage-feeding mechanism embodying means whereby the carriage will be fed a half step` on the working stroke of the actuator and the remaining half step on the return stroke of the actuator, said mechanism including a feed-wheel, a pair of oppositely-extended pivotal arms carrying reversed pivoted dogs normally tendingto the feed-Wheel, a pair of forwardly-converging links connecting said arms to the actuator to thereby simultaneously reciprocate the arms and the dogs,

engage notches in for alternately disengaging the dogs from the notches of the feed-wheel.

10. In a typewriting machine, a powerdriven reeiprocatory type-carrier actuator, and a carriage-feeding mechanism positively connected to said actuator embodying means whereby the carriage will be fed a half step on the working stroke of the actuator and the remaining half step on the return stroke of the actuator, said mechanism vincluding a rack on the carriage, a shaft carrying a pinion. engaging. said rack feed-wheel, and

associated with each dog means actuated from the actuator for posiy -to positively feed the carriage.

11. In a typewriting machine, a power? driven reciprocato type-carrier actuator, and a carriage-feeding mechanism embodying meanswhereby the carriage will be fed a half step on the working stroke of the actuator and the remaining half step on the return stroke of the actuator, said mechanism including a rack on the carriage, a shaft carrying a, pinion engaging said rack and also carryi a feed-wheel, a pair of oppositely-extendmg 'arms Pivotally mounted on said shaft, a pair o spring-actuated dogs carried by said arms, a pair of links connecting said arms to the actuator, and a pair of cams for alternately disengagingI the do s from the feed-wheel.

12. n a typewriting machine, va powerdriven reciprocatory type-carrier actuator, and a carriage-feeding mechanism .connected thereto and actuated therefrom and fembodying devices whereby the carriage is positively fed a half step on the forward stroke of the actuator and the remaining half step on the rearward stroke of the actuator and locked against momentum movement at the end of cach half step.

13. In a typewriting machine, a powerdriven reciprocatory type-carrier actuator, means actuated thereby for feeding thc-car riage, and means for cushioning the action of the actuator upon said feeding mechanism, said cushioning means consisting of a spring for cushioning the forward stroke and another spring for cushioning the rearward stroke of the actuator.

14. In a typewriting machine, a powerdriven reciprocatory type-carrier actuator, and means actuated thereby for power-feeding the carriage, said means acting'to cushion the force of the type-carrier actuator on the feeding mechanism on both strokes of the actuator.

15. In a typewriting machine, a poweractuated reciprocatory type-carrier actuator, and means actuated therefrom to powerfeed the carriage a, half step at each stroke of the actuator, said means embodying a spring acting as a cushion' on the forward stroke lof the actuator and another spring acting as a cushion on the rearward stroke of the actuator.

16. In a typewriting machine, a power carriage-feeding mechanism including feeddog carriers actuated therefrom embodying a pivoted lever mounted on the actuator, a'

interposedA between said V'lever and the actuator, and a tensile spring connecting said lever to one of the dog-carriers.

18. In a typewriting machine, a power- 4pair of links pivotally connectingsaid lever to feed-dog-carriers, al compressionspring driven reciprocatcry type-carrier actuator,

and means actuated therefrom to feed the end to. the actuator, a spring interposed between the lever and the actuator tending to swing the lever rearwardly, a stop for limiting the movement of this lever, and means connecting the lever to the feed devices.

19. In a typewriting machine, a powerdriven reciprocatory type-carrier actuator, and means actuated therefrom for feeding the carriage embodying a feed-wheel, a pair of oppositely-extending arms carrying reversed dogs normally engaging the feedwheel, a pivoted lever mounted on the actuator, a pair 'of pivotal links connecting this lever to the said respective arms, a tensile spring connecting the lever to one of the arms, and a compression spring arranged between the lever and the actuator.

20. In a typewriting machine, a powerdriven reciprocatory type-carrier actuator, mechanism actuated therefrom for feedin the carriage embodying a pair of reversed dogs anda feed-wheel, cams for alternately disengaging the dogs from the feedwheel, and means for simultaneously shifting said cams for the purpose of back-spacing.

21. In a typewriting machine', a poweractuated carriage-feed mechanism normally positioned to feed the carriage in one direction, and means for reversin the action of the feed to cause it to feed 1n the opposite direction, said means being adapted to be held temporarily in position by depression of one of the keys for use in back-spacing.

22. In a typewritin machine, a power.- actuated carriage-fee ing mechanism embodying a feed-wheel, a pair of reversed dogs, key-controlled ower-driven means for reciprocating the ogs, means whereby reciprocation of the dogs-will turn the feedwheel in one direct-ion, and manually-operable means forreversing the action of the dogs to thus cause them to feed the carriage in the opposite direction.

23. In a typewriting machine, a poweractuated carriage-feeding mechanism `embodying a pair of reversed dogs and keycontrolled power-.driven means for reciprocating them, cam devices cooperating with the dogs, manually-operable means for shifting the cam devices to thereby reverse the action of the dogs and cause'them to feed the carria e in the opposite direction. l

24. n a typewriting machine, rpowerdriven mechanism for ceding the carriage embodyin a notched feed-wheel, a pair of reversed dogs normally tending to engage the notches in the feed-wheel, a pivoted plate carrying a pair of cams one associated with each dog, power-driven means for actuating the dogs controlled by the character keys of the machine, and means operable from the keyboard at will for swinging said plate to thus `-reverse the action of the cams on the dogs to cause a feed of the carriage 1n the reverse direction.

25. In a typewriting machine, a powerdriven carriage-feeding mechanism embodying a notched feed-wheel, a pair of reveised dogs normally tending to engage the notches in the feed-wheel, power-driven means for reciprocating the dogs upon actuation of the character and spacing keys of the machine to turn the feed-Wheel, a plate carrying a air of cams normally positioned to cause a half-step feed by each dog, and keyboard means for temporarily shifting the position of the cams to cause a similar feed in the opposite direction.

26. In a typewriting machine, a powerdrivenreciprocatory type-carrier actuator, space-key means for releasing the actuator to permit it to perform its forward working stroke, means for feeding the carria e from the actuator normally positioned to eed the carriage leftward, a back-space key-lever and means actuated thereby for reversing the feed means, and means whereby an actuation of the. back-space key-lever will s imultaneously actuate the space-key means, for the purpose set forth.

27. In a typewriting machine, a powerdriven reciprocatory type-carrier actuator, a carriage-feeding mechanism embodying a notched feed-Wheel and a pair of positivelyacting reversed dogs to actuate the same, and means connected to the actuator for simultaneously reciprocating the dogs.

28. In a typewriting machine, a springactuated type-carrier actuator and carriagefeeding means actuated thereby, and keycontrolled means for releasing the actuator to make its Working stroke, embodying a space-key and devices actuated thereby for puttinga drag on said actuator when the space-key is operated.

29. In a typewriting machine, a springactua-ted type-carrier actuator and carriagefeedin means actuated thereby, and keycontro led means for releasing the actuator to make lits Working stroke, embodying a space-key and devices actuated thereby for putting a drag on said actuator when the space-key is operated, said devices embodying a re ease or trip member adapted to be ositioned in the path of the actuator when 1t actuates the release.

30. In a typewriting machine, a spring-actuated type-carrier actuator and carrlagefeeding means actuated thereby,`and key- 'Megeve controlled means for releasing vthe actuator to make its Working stroke, embodying a space-key and devices actuated thereby for putting a drag on said actuator when the space-key is operated, said devices embodying a member adapted to be placed in the path of the actuator to `be struck thereby, and means connected to the member for resiliently retarding it.

31. In a typewriting machine, a springactuated type-carrier actuator and carriagefeeding means actuated thereby, and keycontrolled means for releasing the actuator to make its working stroke, embodying a space-key and devices actuated thereby for putting a drag on said actuator when the space-key is opera-ted, said devices embodying a member adapted to be struck by the actuator and moved thereby, and a dash-pot arrangement connected to the member.

32. In a typewriting machine, a springactuated type-carrier actuator and carriage- Vfeeding means actuated thereby, and keycontrolled mea-ns for releasing the actuator to make its working stroke, embodying a spacekey and devices actuated thereby for put-ting a drag on said actuator when the space-key is operated, said devices embodying a pivoted vertically-movable hooked trip member, a spring for normally -holding it out of action, and a dash-pot arrangement connected to the member.

33. In a typewriting machine, motor-actuated feed means for letter-spacing the carriage either toward the right or toward the left controlled by the printing instrumentalities and normally positioned to feed leftward, and manually-controlled means normally held out of action for reversing the feed means at any point in the travel of the carriage, so that subsequent operation of the feed means will actuate the carriage rightward.

34. In a typewriting machine, a springactuated type-bar actuator and a motor device for retracting the actuatoragainst the tendency of the spring, carriage-feeding mechanism operated by ithe movement of said actuator, and means whereby the operator may at will reverse the direction of feed at any point in the travel of the carriage.

35. In a motor-operated typewriting machine, a motor driven letter-space feeding mechanism, and a manually-operable spacebar in the keyboard for controlling the operation' of 'the same, said mechanism embodying deviceswhereby the direction of letter-spacing may be reversed at any point in vthe travel of the carriage, a key-lever for setting said reversing devices, and means Whereby when this key-lever is operated the spacebar will also be operated.

36. In a typewriting machine, a powerdriven shaft and means whereby the power from this shaft is utilized to actuate the printing instrumentalities and also feed the carriage, said means embod ing a spring-actuated type-bar actuator an a cushioning device arranged between the same and said carriage-feeding device, for the purpose set forth.

37. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a tra-veling platen carriage, a platen thereon, a normally locked reciprocably mounted type-bar actuator, characterkey-operated means for releasing, the actuator, spring means for driving said actuator in one direction when released to move type bars towardthe platen, independ: ent constantly-operating power means for returning the actuator, a letter space feed wheel connected move the carriage transversely of the machine, a pair of feed dogs connected with said actuator to reciprocate therewith, and dog-controlling means caus ing one dog todrive the feed wheel during thetype-bar-moving stroke only of the actuator by power derived from said spring means to advance the carriage a part of one letter space and for causing the other dog to drive the feed wheel in the same direction during the return stroke only of the actuator by power derived from said constantly operating means to advance the carriage the remaining part of a letter space.

38. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a traveling platen carriage, a platen thereon, a normally locked reciprocably mounted type-bar actuator, characterkey-operated means for releasing the actuator, spring means for driving said actuator in one direction when released to move type bars toward the platen, independent constantly-operating power means for re turning the actuator, a 'letter space feed wheel connected to move the carriage transversely of the machine, a pair of feed dogs connected with said actuator to reciprocate therewith, dogcontrolling means causing one dog to drive the feed wheel during the type-bar-moving stroke only of the actuator by power derived from said spring means to advance the carriage a part of one letter space and for causing the other dog to drive the feed wheel in the same direction during the return stroke only of the actuator by power derived from said constantly operating means to advance the carriage the remaining part of a letter space, a space-key mechanism for releasing the actuator, and a back-space-key mechanism for actuating the space-key mechanism and shifting the dog-controlling means to cause the dogs to act on reverse strokes of the actuator and thereby back-space the carriage one letter space at each operation of the back-spacekey mechanism.

39. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a traveling plaftpn carriage, a platen thereon, a notched eed wheel connected to traverse the carriage, a pair of feed dogs each adapted to engage in notches in said wheel and prevent independent rotation of the wheel in either direction, recip` rocably mounted character-key-controlled power-driven means for movinv the dogs back and forth in unison, and dog-controlling means for causing one dog to drive the feed wheel as the power-driven means moves in one direction to advance the carriage one-half a letter space and the other dog to drive the wheel as the power-driven means moves in the opposite direction to advanoe the carriage one-half a letter space, said'controlling means being so constructed that one or the other of said dogs is always engaged in a notch in said wheel.

40. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a traveling platen carriage, a platen thereon, a notched feed wheel connected to traverse the carriage, a pair of feed dogs each adapted to engage in notches in said wheel and prevent independent rotation of the wheel in either direction, reciprocably mounted character-key-controlled power-driven means for moving the dogs back and forth in unison, dog-controlling means for causing one dog to drive the feed wheel as the power-driven means moves in one direction to advance the carriage onehalf a letter. space and the other dog to drive the wheel as the ower-driven means moves in the opposite irection to advance the carriage one-half a letter space, said controlling means being so constructed that one dog locks the carriage against both advance and return movements at the completion of each full letter-space feed movement of the carriage and the other dog locks the carriage against both advance and return movements at the completion of the first half of each full letter-space movement of the carriage, and type bars selectively connectible with said power-driven means by the character keys and movable wer-driven ,means to strike thef b said p aten w en the carriage has traveled the first half of/a letter-space movement.

In testimony whereof I' hereunto affix my signature.

M ANSFIELD C. CRAWLE Y. 

